Questões de Inglês

What is IT Governance?
IT (Information Technology) Governance focuses

specifically on information technology systems, their performance
and risk management. The primary goals of IT Governance are to
assure that the investments in IT generate business value, and to
mitigate the risks that are associated with IT. This can be done by
implementing an organizational structure with well-defined roles for
the responsibility of information, business processes, applications
and infrastructure.
IT governance should be viewed as how IT creates value

that fits into the overall Corporate Governance Strategy of the
organization, and never be seen as a discipline on its own. In taking
this approach, all stakeholders would be required to participate in
the decision making process. This creates a shared acceptance of
responsibility for critical systems and ensures that IT related
decisions are made and driven by the business and not vice versa.

Why it governance is necessary
IT governance is needed to ensure that the investments in

IT generate value, and mitigate IT-associated risks, avoiding failure.
IT is central to organizational success — effective and

efficient delivery of services and goods — especially when the IT
is designed to bring about change in an organization. This change
process, commonly referred to as “business transformation,” is now
the prime enabler of new business models both in the private and
public sectors. Business transformation offers many rewards, but it
also has the potential for many risks, which may disrupt operations
and have unintended consequences. The dilemma becomes how to
balance risk and rewards when using IT to enable organizational
change.

IT Governance Best Practices
Despite efforts of the software industry to identify and

adopt best practices in the development of IT projects, there is still
a high rate of failure and missed objectives. Most IT projects do not
meet the organization’s objectives.

Internet:

Acesso em: 15/9/2013 (com adaptações).


Tendo como referência o texto em língua inglesa apresentado acima, julgue os itens de 75 a 78.

A adoção de melhores práticas no desenvolvimento de projetos de TI tem evitado a ocorrência de falhas nesses projetos, permitindo que a grande maioria dos projetos satisfaçam todos os objetivos definidos pelas empresas.

A resposta correta é:

Coworking: Sharing How We Work

Genevieve DeGuzman

Communication



In the past, when trying to find places to work,
independent workers, small businesses, and
organizations often had to choose between several
scenarios, all with their attendant advantages and
disadvantages: working from home; working from a
coffee shop, library, or other public venue; or leasing
an executive suite or other commercial space.
Is there a better way to work? Yes. Enter
coworking.
Coworking takes freelancers, indie workers, and
entrepreneurs who feel that they have been dormant
or isolated working alone at home or who have been
migrating from a coffee shop to a friend’s garage or
languishing in a sterile business center — to a space
where they can truly roost.

“We can come out of hiding,” a coworker tells
us, “and be in a space that’s comfortable, friendly,
and has an aesthetic appeal that’s a far cry from the
typical cookie-cutter office environment.”
For many, it might be puzzling to pay for a well-
equipped space teeming with other people, even
with the chance of free coffee and inspiration. You
might ask yourself, “Well, why pay for a place to work
when I’m perfectly comfortable at home and paying
nothing?” Or, “Isn’t the whole point of telecommuting
or starting my own business a chance to avoid ‘going
to the office’?”

Coworking may sound like an unnecessary
expense, but let’s consider what you get from being
a part of the space.

At its most basic level, coworking is the
phenomenon of workers coming together in a shared
or collaborative workspace for one or more of these
reasons: to reduce costs by having shared facilities
and equipment, to access a community of fellow
entrepreneurs, and to seek out collaboration within
and across fields. Coworking spaces offer an exciting
alternative for people longing to escape the confines
of their cubicle walls, the isolation of working solo at
home, or the inconveniences of public venues.

The benefits and cost-savings in productivity
and overall happiness and well-being reaped from
coworking are also potentially huge. Enthusiasm
and creativity become contagious and multiply when
you diversify your work environment with people
from different fields or backgrounds. At coworking
spaces, members pass each other during the day,
conversations get going, and miraculously idea-fusion
happens with everyone benefitting from the shared
thinking and brainstorming.

Differences matter. Coworking hinges on the
belief that innovation and inspiration come from
the cross-pollination of different people in different
fields or specializations. Random opportunities and
discoveries that arise from interactions with others
play a large role in coworking.

To see this in action on a large scale, think about
Google. Google made the culture of sharing and
collaboration in the workplace legend. It deployed
“grouplets” for initiatives that cover broader changes
through the organization.

One remarkable story of a successful Google
grouplet involved getting engineers to write their
own testing code to reduce the incidence of bugs
in software code. Thinking creatively, the grouplet
came up with a campaign based on posting episodes
discussing new and interesting testing techniques
on the bathroom stalls. “Testing on the Toilet” spread
fast and garnered both rants and raves. Soon, people
were hungry for more, and the campaign ultimately
developed enough inertia to become a de facto part of
the coding culture. They moved out of the restrooms
and into the mainstream.

Keith Sawyer, a professor of psychology and
education at Washington University in St. Louis, MO,
has written widely on collaboration and innovation. In
his study of jazz performances, Keith Sawyer made
this observation, “The group has the ideas, not the
individual musicians.” Some of the most famous
products were born out of this mosh pit of interaction
— in contrast to the romantic idea of a lone working
genius driving change. According to Sawyer, more
often than not, true innovation emerges from an
improvised process and draws from trial-by-error and
many inputs.

Unexpected insights emerge from the group
dynamic. If increasing interaction among different
peer groups within a single company could lead
to promising results, imagine the possibilities for
solopreneurs, small businesses, and indie workers —
if only they could reach similar levels of peer access
as those experienced by their bigger counterparts. It
is this potential that coworking tries to capture for its
members.

Available at: .

Retrieved on: 21 Oct. 2011. Adapted.


The statements below represent opinions collected from different workers.
The only one which can be considered as an argument against coworking is:

a) "One of the best things is that I pay lower than I would for a dedicated office, so I don"t feel pressured to go to the coworking facility every day."
b) "Though my home office is great and I love it, I sometimes need the distance and collaborative environment that my coworking space provides."
c) "The vibe of being around others can feel like a wave carrying you even when you"re not sure where to go - if you need a little social boost."
d) "Perhaps you won"t like any of the other people at your coworking space, or that the proprietors aren"t putting much effort into socializing or collaboration."
e) "The shared space provides instant community and a stimulating atmosphere around other professionals working towards the same intentions as I am."

A resposta correta é:

What is IT Governance?
IT (Information Technology) Governance focuses

specifically on information technology systems, their performance
and risk management. The primary goals of IT Governance are to
assure that the investments in IT generate business value, and to
mitigate the risks that are associated with IT. This can be done by
implementing an organizational structure with well-defined roles for
the responsibility of information, business processes, applications
and infrastructure.
IT governance should be viewed as how IT creates value

that fits into the overall Corporate Governance Strategy of the
organization, and never be seen as a discipline on its own. In taking
this approach, all stakeholders would be required to participate in
the decision making process. This creates a shared acceptance of
responsibility for critical systems and ensures that IT related
decisions are made and driven by the business and not vice versa.

Why it governance is necessary
IT governance is needed to ensure that the investments in

IT generate value, and mitigate IT-associated risks, avoiding failure.
IT is central to organizational success — effective and

efficient delivery of services and goods — especially when the IT
is designed to bring about change in an organization. This change
process, commonly referred to as “business transformation,” is now
the prime enabler of new business models both in the private and
public sectors. Business transformation offers many rewards, but it
also has the potential for many risks, which may disrupt operations
and have unintended consequences. The dilemma becomes how to
balance risk and rewards when using IT to enable organizational
change.

IT Governance Best Practices
Despite efforts of the software industry to identify and

adopt best practices in the development of IT projects, there is still
a high rate of failure and missed objectives. Most IT projects do not
meet the organization’s objectives.

Internet:

Acesso em: 15/9/2013 (com adaptações).


Tendo como referência o texto em língua inglesa apresentado acima, julgue os itens de 75 a 78.

De acordo com o texto, a responsabilidade por sistemas críticos deve ser concentrada no administrador do projeto.

A resposta correta é:

What is IT Governance?
IT (Information Technology) Governance focuses

specifically on information technology systems, their performance
and risk management. The primary goals of IT Governance are to
assure that the investments in IT generate business value, and to
mitigate the risks that are associated with IT. This can be done by
implementing an organizational structure with well-defined roles for
the responsibility of information, business processes, applications
and infrastructure.
IT governance should be viewed as how IT creates value

that fits into the overall Corporate Governance Strategy of the
organization, and never be seen as a discipline on its own. In taking
this approach, all stakeholders would be required to participate in
the decision making process. This creates a shared acceptance of
responsibility for critical systems and ensures that IT related
decisions are made and driven by the business and not vice versa.

Why it governance is necessary
IT governance is needed to ensure that the investments in

IT generate value, and mitigate IT-associated risks, avoiding failure.
IT is central to organizational success — effective and

efficient delivery of services and goods — especially when the IT
is designed to bring about change in an organization. This change
process, commonly referred to as “business transformation,” is now
the prime enabler of new business models both in the private and
public sectors. Business transformation offers many rewards, but it
also has the potential for many risks, which may disrupt operations
and have unintended consequences. The dilemma becomes how to
balance risk and rewards when using IT to enable organizational
change.

IT Governance Best Practices
Despite efforts of the software industry to identify and

adopt best practices in the development of IT projects, there is still
a high rate of failure and missed objectives. Most IT projects do not
meet the organization’s objectives.

Internet:

Acesso em: 15/9/2013 (com adaptações).


Tendo como referência o texto em língua inglesa apresentado acima, julgue os itens de 75 a 78.

A governança de TI tem como objetivos principais garantir que investimentos em TI gerem o que o texto chama de "business value" e reduzir os riscos associados com a TI. Esses objetivos podem ser atingidos por meio da implementação de uma estrutura organizacional com papéis bem definidos para a responsabilidade da informação, os processos de negócios, as aplicações e a infraestrutura.

A resposta correta é:

What is IT Governance?
IT (Information Technology) Governance focuses

specifically on information technology systems, their performance
and risk management. The primary goals of IT Governance are to
assure that the investments in IT generate business value, and to
mitigate the risks that are associated with IT. This can be done by
implementing an organizational structure with well-defined roles for
the responsibility of information, business processes, applications
and infrastructure.
IT governance should be viewed as how IT creates value

that fits into the overall Corporate Governance Strategy of the
organization, and never be seen as a discipline on its own. In taking
this approach, all stakeholders would be required to participate in
the decision making process. This creates a shared acceptance of
responsibility for critical systems and ensures that IT related
decisions are made and driven by the business and not vice versa.

Why it governance is necessary
IT governance is needed to ensure that the investments in

IT generate value, and mitigate IT-associated risks, avoiding failure.
IT is central to organizational success — effective and

efficient delivery of services and goods — especially when the IT
is designed to bring about change in an organization. This change
process, commonly referred to as “business transformation,” is now
the prime enabler of new business models both in the private and
public sectors. Business transformation offers many rewards, but it
also has the potential for many risks, which may disrupt operations
and have unintended consequences. The dilemma becomes how to
balance risk and rewards when using IT to enable organizational
change.

IT Governance Best Practices
Despite efforts of the software industry to identify and

adopt best practices in the development of IT projects, there is still
a high rate of failure and missed objectives. Most IT projects do not
meet the organization’s objectives.

Internet:

Acesso em: 15/9/2013 (com adaptações).


Tendo como referência o texto em língua inglesa apresentado acima, julgue os itens de 79 a 81.

De acordo com o texto, a governança em TI deve ser vista como uma disciplina autônoma, independente da estratégia da governança corporativa.

A resposta correta é:

What is IT Governance?
IT (Information Technology) Governance focuses

specifically on information technology systems, their performance
and risk management. The primary goals of IT Governance are to
assure that the investments in IT generate business value, and to
mitigate the risks that are associated with IT. This can be done by
implementing an organizational structure with well-defined roles for
the responsibility of information, business processes, applications
and infrastructure.
IT governance should be viewed as how IT creates value

that fits into the overall Corporate Governance Strategy of the
organization, and never be seen as a discipline on its own. In taking
this approach, all stakeholders would be required to participate in
the decision making process. This creates a shared acceptance of
responsibility for critical systems and ensures that IT related
decisions are made and driven by the business and not vice versa.

Why it governance is necessary
IT governance is needed to ensure that the investments in

IT generate value, and mitigate IT-associated risks, avoiding failure.
IT is central to organizational success — effective and

efficient delivery of services and goods — especially when the IT
is designed to bring about change in an organization. This change
process, commonly referred to as “business transformation,” is now
the prime enabler of new business models both in the private and
public sectors. Business transformation offers many rewards, but it
also has the potential for many risks, which may disrupt operations
and have unintended consequences. The dilemma becomes how to
balance risk and rewards when using IT to enable organizational
change.

IT Governance Best Practices
Despite efforts of the software industry to identify and

adopt best practices in the development of IT projects, there is still
a high rate of failure and missed objectives. Most IT projects do not
meet the organization’s objectives.

Internet:

Acesso em: 15/9/2013 (com adaptações).


Tendo como referência o texto em língua inglesa apresentado acima, julgue os itens de 79 a 81.

O termo stakeholders refere-se a gerentes de projeto.

A resposta correta é:

The nature of television programming in the current
era is one of hybridity. Comedy programs take the appearance
of news programs, and news programs are increasingly
adopting techniques from comedy programs. The televised
interview, in particular, is by nature a hybrid format, often
mixing the formality of traditional journalism with the
informality of a talk show. In the second quarter of 2011,
viewership of Comedy Central’s The Daily Show trumped
other late-night programs in key demographics, with well over
two million viewers per episode. At the same time, news and
opinion programs like Hannity on Fox can draw an average of
2.5 million viewers. But the format and style — not to mention
the content — of these shows and their interview segments can
vary drastically from one episode to the next, depending on
whether they are structured more traditionally or not.
In theory, the televised journalistic interview —
especially with a candidate for high office — represents that
idealistic version of Habermas’ public sphere. In this vision,
the candidate is asked about his or her policy stances, and is
then forced by the interviewer to defend those positions in the
face of opposition. But in reality, these interviews take the form
of rule-governed speech situations that rely on specified rituals.
Deluca and Peeples argue that televised political discourse —
as seen in political interviews — does not reflect rational
debate, but rather, emphasizes image, emotion, and style. Baym
suggests, however, that there is a space in between the ideal of
the public sphere and the image-centered focus of the televised
interview. His textual analyses of interviews on programs like
The Daily Show reveal that these interviews reflect a traditional
perspective on the journalistic interview combined with a more
conversational, celebrity-type chat — a “hybrid mode of
publicity and political discourse”.

International Journal of Communication, 7 (2013),

p. 471. Internet: (adapted).



Judge the following items according to the text above.

The verb to trump in "trumped other late-night programs" (L.8-9) is synonymous with to outdo or to surpass.

A resposta correta é:

What is IT Governance?
IT (Information Technology) Governance focuses

specifically on information technology systems, their performance
and risk management. The primary goals of IT Governance are to
assure that the investments in IT generate business value, and to
mitigate the risks that are associated with IT. This can be done by
implementing an organizational structure with well-defined roles for
the responsibility of information, business processes, applications
and infrastructure.
IT governance should be viewed as how IT creates value

that fits into the overall Corporate Governance Strategy of the
organization, and never be seen as a discipline on its own. In taking
this approach, all stakeholders would be required to participate in
the decision making process. This creates a shared acceptance of
responsibility for critical systems and ensures that IT related
decisions are made and driven by the business and not vice versa.

Why it governance is necessary
IT governance is needed to ensure that the investments in

IT generate value, and mitigate IT-associated risks, avoiding failure.
IT is central to organizational success — effective and

efficient delivery of services and goods — especially when the IT
is designed to bring about change in an organization. This change
process, commonly referred to as “business transformation,” is now
the prime enabler of new business models both in the private and
public sectors. Business transformation offers many rewards, but it
also has the potential for many risks, which may disrupt operations
and have unintended consequences. The dilemma becomes how to
balance risk and rewards when using IT to enable organizational
change.

IT Governance Best Practices
Despite efforts of the software industry to identify and

adopt best practices in the development of IT projects, there is still
a high rate of failure and missed objectives. Most IT projects do not
meet the organization’s objectives.

Internet:

Acesso em: 15/9/2013 (com adaptações).


Tendo como referência o texto em língua inglesa apresentado acima, julgue os itens de 79 a 81.

De acordo com o texto, quando se usa TI para habilitar mudanças organizacionais, é necessário ponderar o risco e as recompensas que podem surgir a partir dessas mudanças.

A resposta correta é:

It is well accepted and acknowledged that service
quality is essential for firm success. The problem with the
measurement of service quality is that it is not easily
identifiable and measurable. Unlike the quality of goods, which
can be measured objectively, service quality is an abstract and
elusive construct because of three features unique to services:
intangibility, heterogeneity, and inseparability of production
and consumption. Despite the complexity of the issue, a
consensus has emerged in the literature to measure service
quality using clients’ perceptions of the service delivered.

Only few studies in auditing have adopted the service
quality approach, where clients are asked to assess their current
(and/or former) auditor (i.e., audit firm and/or audit team).
However, the latter approach has several advantages because
it allows overall client satisfaction to be determined and also
identification of the attributes that drive client satisfaction.

Internet: (adapted).


According to the text

a) client satisfaction can be determined through the use of the service quality approach.
b) auditors do not always accurately perceive clients" expectations.
c) the quality of goods and services can both be measured objectively.
d) due to its complexity, service quality cannot be measured in terms of clients" perceptions of the service delivered.
e) audit firms need to have sufficient understanding of their clients in order to improve the quality of service they provide.

A resposta correta é:

It is well accepted and acknowledged that service
quality is essential for firm success. The problem with the
measurement of service quality is that it is not easily
identifiable and measurable. Unlike the quality of goods, which
can be measured objectively, service quality is an abstract and
elusive construct because of three features unique to services:
intangibility, heterogeneity, and inseparability of production
and consumption. Despite the complexity of the issue, a
consensus has emerged in the literature to measure service
quality using clients’ perceptions of the service delivered.

Only few studies in auditing have adopted the service
quality approach, where clients are asked to assess their current
(and/or former) auditor (i.e., audit firm and/or audit team).
However, the latter approach has several advantages because
it allows overall client satisfaction to be determined and also
identification of the attributes that drive client satisfaction.

Internet: (adapted).


The word "Unlike" [l.4] is the same as

a) aside from.
b) similar to.
c) contrasted with.
d) resembling.
e) despite.

A resposta correta é: