Questões de Inglês

Privacy groups and lawmakers are calling for a new and
broader investigation into Google and its privacy practices after
the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
announced that it found no evidence that the company broke
eavesdropping laws.

Late last week, the FCC reported that there was no legal
precedent to find fault with Google collecting unprotected
home Wi-Fi data, such as personal email, passwords and search
histories, with its roaming Street View cars between 2007 and
2010. However, the FCC did fine Google $ 25,000 for
obstructing its investigation.

The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), a
national privacy watchdog, disagreed with the FCC findings. In
a letter sent to U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder today, EPIC
asked that the Department of Justice investigate Google’s
surreptitious collecting of Wi-Fi data from residential networks.
U.S. Rep. Edward J. Markey, a senior member of the U.S.
House Energy and Commerce Committee, has also stepped into
the fray.

“The circumstances surrounding Google’s siphoning of
personal information leave many unanswered questions,”
Markey said today in an email to Computerworld. “I believe
Congress should immediately hold a hearing to get to the
bottom of this serious situation.”

Internet: (adapted).


Based on the text above it can be said that

calls for a federal investigation came after the Federal Communications Commission found that Google did not break the law as it collected personal data on Wi-Fi networks.

A resposta correta é:

Privacy groups and lawmakers are calling for a new and
broader investigation into Google and its privacy practices after
the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
announced that it found no evidence that the company broke
eavesdropping laws.

Late last week, the FCC reported that there was no legal
precedent to find fault with Google collecting unprotected
home Wi-Fi data, such as personal email, passwords and search
histories, with its roaming Street View cars between 2007 and
2010. However, the FCC did fine Google $ 25,000 for
obstructing its investigation.

The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), a
national privacy watchdog, disagreed with the FCC findings. In
a letter sent to U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder today, EPIC
asked that the Department of Justice investigate Google’s
surreptitious collecting of Wi-Fi data from residential networks.
U.S. Rep. Edward J. Markey, a senior member of the U.S.
House Energy and Commerce Committee, has also stepped into
the fray.

“The circumstances surrounding Google’s siphoning of
personal information leave many unanswered questions,”
Markey said today in an email to Computerworld. “I believe
Congress should immediately hold a hearing to get to the
bottom of this serious situation.”

Internet: (adapted).


Based on the text above it can be said that

States" eavesdropping laws have been declared unconstitutional.

A resposta correta é:

A Day in the Life of the Women of O&G

by Jaime Kammerzell

From Rigzone Contributor. Tuesday, February 14, 2012
Although far fewer women work in the oil and gas
(O&G) industry compared to men, many women find
rewarding careers in the industry. Five women were
asked the same questions regarding their career
choices in the oil and gas industry.
Question 1: Why did you choose the oil and gas
industry?
Woman 1: Cool technology, applying science and
money.
Woman 2: It seemed interesting and the pay was
good.
Woman 3: They offered me a job! I couldn’t turn down
the great starting salary and a chance to live in New
Orleans.
Woman 4: I did not really choose the oil and gas
industry as much as it chose me.
Woman 5: I chose the oil and gas industry because of
the challenging projects, and I want to be part of our
country’s energy solution.
Question 2: How did you get your start in the oil
and gas industry?
Woman 1: I went to a university that all major oil
companies recruit. I received a summer internship with
Texaco before my last year of my Master’s degree.
Woman 2: I was recruited at a Texas Tech Engineering
Job Fair.
Woman 3: At the time, campus recruiters came
to the geosciences department of my university
annually and they sponsored scholarships for
graduate students to help complete their research.
Even though my Master’s thesis was more geared
toward environmental studies, as a recipient of one
of these scholarships, my graduate advisor strongly
encouraged me to participate when the time came for
O&G Industry interviews.
Woman 4: I was working for a company in another
state where oil and gas was not its primary business.
When the company sold its division in the state
where I was working, they offered me a position at
the company’s headquarters in Houston managing
the aftermarket sales for the company’s largest
region. Aftermarket sales supported the on-highway,
construction, industrial, agricultural and the oil and
gas markets. After one year, the company asked me
to take the position of managing their marine and
offshore power products division. I held that position
for three years. I left that company to join a new startup
company where I hold the position of president.
Woman 5: My first job in the oil and gas industry was
an internship with Mobil Oil Corp., in New Orleans.
I worked with a lot of smart, focused and talented
geoscientists and engineers.
Question 3: Describe your typical day.
Woman 1: Tough one to describe a typical day. I
generally read email, go to a couple of meetings and
work with the field’s earth model or look at seismic.
Woman 2: I talk with clients, help prepare bids and
work on getting projects out the door. My days are
never the same, which is what I love about the job I
have.
Woman 3: I usually work from 7:30 a.m. – 6:30 p.m.
(although the official day is shorter). We call the field
every morning for an update on operations, security,
construction, facilities and production engineering
activities. I work with my team leads on short-term
and long-term projects to enhance production (a lot of
emails and Powerpoint). I usually have 2-3 meetings
per day to discuss/prioritize/review ongoing or
upcoming work (production optimization, simulation
modeling, drilling plans, geologic interpretation,
workovers, etc.). Beyond our team, I also participate
in a number of broader business initiatives and
leadership teams.
Woman 4: A typical day is a hectic day for me. My
day usually starts well before 8 a.m. with phone
calls and emails with our facility in Norway, as well
as other business relationships abroad. At the office,
I am involved in the daily business operations and
also stay closely involved in the projects and the
sales efforts. On any given day I am working on
budgets and finance, attending project meetings,
attending engineering meetings, reviewing drawings
and technical specifications, meeting with clients
and prospective clients, reviewing sales proposals,
evaluating new business opportunities and making a
lot of decisions.
Woman 5: On most days I work on my computer
to complete my projects. I interpret logs, create
maps, research local and regional geology or write
documents. I go to project meetings almost every day.
I typically work only during business hours, but there
are times when I get calls at night or on weekends
from a rig or other geologists for assistance with a
technical problem.

Adapted from URL: . Retrieved on February 14, 2012.



In Text, the expression "turn down" in "I couldn"t turn down the great starting salary and a chance to live in New Orleans" (lines 12-14) could be replaced, without change in meaning, by

a) refuse
b) take
c) accept
d) request
e) understand

A resposta correta é:

Stanford physicists make new form of matter

The laser-cooled quantum gas opens exciting new

realms of unconventional superconductivity.

By Max McClure

Stanford University News



Within the exotic world of macroscopic quantum
effects, where fluids flow uphill, wires conduct without
electrical resistance and magnets levitate, there is an
even stranger family of “unconventional” phenomena:
strongly interacting fermions, a class of particles that
are often very difficult to understand on the quantum
level. These materials often defy explanation by
current theoretical physics, but hold enormous
promise for the development of futuristic technologies
as room-temperature superconductors, ultrasensitive
microscopes and quantum computation.

Last week the scientific world was appalled when
a Stanford team made the announcement in Physical
Review Letters that they had created the world’s first
dipolar quantum fermionic gas– “an entirely new
form of quantum matter,” as Stanford applied physics
Professor and lead author Benjamin Lev puts it. Lev
affirmed that this development represents a major
step toward understanding the behavior of these
systems of particles. Until now, research efforts had
focused on cooling bosons – fundamentally different
from fermions, and much easier to work with. But
now the Stanford team extended these techniques to
gases made of the most magnetic atom: a fermionic
isotope of dysprosium with magnetic energies 440
times larger than previously cooled gases.

He explained that when the thermal energy of
some substances drops below a certain critical point,
it used to be impossible to consider its component
particles separately since the material becomes
strongly correlated and its quantum effects become
difficult to understand and study. Nevertheless,
making the material out of a gas of atoms allows it
to become visible. These quantum gases, the coldest
objects known to man, are where researchers can
observe zero-viscosity fluids – superfluids – that are
mathematical cousins of superconductors.

Thus far, the result of the Lev lab’s high-tech efforts
is a tiny ball of ultracold quantum dipolar fluid. But the
researchers have reason to believe that the humble
substance will exhibit the seemingly contradictory
characteristics of both crystals and superfluids. This
combination could lead to quantum liquid crystals.
Or it could yield a supersolid – a hypothetical state
of matter that would, in theory at least, be a solid with
superfluid characteristics.

The researchers have already begun developing a
microscope to make use of the dipolar quantum fluid’s
unique characteristics. It is the “cryogenic atom chip
microscope”, a magnetic probe that should measure
magnetic fields with unprecedented sensitivity and
resolution. “This kind of probe may even allow for a
more stable form of quantum computation that uses
exotic quantum matter to process information, known
as a topologically protected quantum computer”,
said Lev. “So this new approach is really incredibly
exciting.”

Available at: . Retrieved on: 5 June 2012. Adapted.



In the text, the word in bold-face type is similar to the one in italics in

a) drops (line 28) - rises
b) below (line 28) - over
c) strongly (line 31) - loosely
d) Nevertheless (line 32) - However
e) allows (line 33) - induces

A resposta correta é:

Privacy groups and lawmakers are calling for a new and
broader investigation into Google and its privacy practices after
the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
announced that it found no evidence that the company broke
eavesdropping laws.

Late last week, the FCC reported that there was no legal
precedent to find fault with Google collecting unprotected
home Wi-Fi data, such as personal email, passwords and search
histories, with its roaming Street View cars between 2007 and
2010. However, the FCC did fine Google $ 25,000 for
obstructing its investigation.

The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), a
national privacy watchdog, disagreed with the FCC findings. In
a letter sent to U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder today, EPIC
asked that the Department of Justice investigate Google’s
surreptitious collecting of Wi-Fi data from residential networks.
U.S. Rep. Edward J. Markey, a senior member of the U.S.
House Energy and Commerce Committee, has also stepped into
the fray.

“The circumstances surrounding Google’s siphoning of
personal information leave many unanswered questions,”
Markey said today in an email to Computerworld. “I believe
Congress should immediately hold a hearing to get to the
bottom of this serious situation.”

Internet: (adapted).


Based on the text above it can be said that

"fray" (L.19) is synonymous with fighting.

A resposta correta é:

London becomes 4G high speed internet hotspot


London will begin to switch on 4G high-speed mobile internet with the launch of the first large-scale public trial in Britain. Initiated by O2, Britain"s second largest operator with 22 million customers, the trial involves more than 25 masts covering 15 square miles. It will run for nine months, and the equipment installed will eventually become part of O2"s first commercial 4G network.
The technology is 10 times faster at navigating the internet than the current 3G networks, which often frustrate smartphone users because they are significantly slower than the average home broadband connection. The 25 masts in London will be able to carry more data than O2"s entire national 3G network.
Britain"s 4G or long-term evolution ( LTE ) upgrade, expected to begin in earnest in 2013 after a much delayed spectrum auction, will make mobile networks powerful enough to handle video calls, high definition TV and live multi-player gaming. About 1,000 users will be invited to join the London trial.
Initially, the O2 trial will not involve phones, because no compatible handsets exist yet. Samsung dongles will be handed out to plug into tablets and laptop computers, as will portable miniature modems that can create small WI-FI hotspots linking into O2"s 4G infrastructure or "backhaul".
The new technology is capable of speeds of up to 150 megabits per second. During the trial, users will be more likely to experience average speeds between 25Mbps and 50Mbps. When 4G is introduced nationally the average speeds are likely to drop to between 10Mbps and 15Mbps. This is faster than 3G, which averages between 1Mbps and

1.5Mbps, and compares well with the average household, fixed line broadband connection, which rose to just under 7Mbps this year.
Live gaming against other players and video calling without delays will become possible from phones, because the speed at which new information loads onto the screen will be reduced from 1 second to 0.07 seconds.


(Adapted from www.guardian.co.uk, Sunday 13, November, 2011)

According to the text,

a) Britain"s 4G network is intended to handle more data than the current 3G networks.
b) Britain"s 4G network is most likely to frustrate smartphone users since it is only slightly faster than the current 3G networks.
c) by 2013, all Britain"s 3G networks will have been replaced by 4G networks.
d) Britain"s 4G network is as fast as current 3G networks but it can handle far more data.
e) during the trial phase, Britain"s 4G network is expected to provide high-speed internet connection to nearly 22 million users.

A resposta correta é:

Technology Legislation
Technology-related legislation can have a huge impact
on growing businesses, and some interesting issues are likely
to pop up with the new Congress of the United States this year.
Of great interest to growing businesses are the topics of data
protection and net neutrality.

Laws that lay out more stringent requirements for
retaining and protecting employee and customer data could be
on the horizon. “The laws that apply to big business are going
to trickle down to small business,” says Ann Westerheim,
founder and president of technology consulting firm Ekaru.
“Businesses need to have that on their radar. You don’t want to
get hit with a fine because you’re not complying.” She suggests
looking at laws like Sarbanes-Oxley to get an idea of where
new tech laws could be heading.

The good news is that proper data protection is
something businesses should be doing anyway. “A lot of the
measures required to protect employee and customer data are
just good business practices,” says Westerheim. Growing
businesses can head off potential compliance costs by gradually
shoring up their IT security and data protection now.

Net neutrality is likely to be a hot issue again after
stalling in the Senate last year. Net neutrality proponents want
regulations to prevent network providers from prioritizing
certain Internet traffic. “Net neutrality is a big issue for small
businesses,” says Westerheim. A net neutrality law stands a
better chance of passing with strong Democratic backing this
year, but it figures to be a hard-fought battle. Digital copyright
issues could also come to the fore in Congress. With the
changes brought about by the last election, it will be an
interesting year for entrepreneurs to keep an eye on the
goings-on in Washington.

Internet: .



Judge the following items according to the text above.

The Senate has voted to retain net neutrality regulations.

A resposta correta é:

A Day in the Life of the Women of O&G

by Jaime Kammerzell

From Rigzone Contributor. Tuesday, February 14, 2012
Although far fewer women work in the oil and gas
(O&G) industry compared to men, many women find
rewarding careers in the industry. Five women were
asked the same questions regarding their career
choices in the oil and gas industry.
Question 1: Why did you choose the oil and gas
industry?
Woman 1: Cool technology, applying science and
money.
Woman 2: It seemed interesting and the pay was
good.
Woman 3: They offered me a job! I couldn’t turn down
the great starting salary and a chance to live in New
Orleans.
Woman 4: I did not really choose the oil and gas
industry as much as it chose me.
Woman 5: I chose the oil and gas industry because of
the challenging projects, and I want to be part of our
country’s energy solution.
Question 2: How did you get your start in the oil
and gas industry?
Woman 1: I went to a university that all major oil
companies recruit. I received a summer internship with
Texaco before my last year of my Master’s degree.
Woman 2: I was recruited at a Texas Tech Engineering
Job Fair.
Woman 3: At the time, campus recruiters came
to the geosciences department of my university
annually and they sponsored scholarships for
graduate students to help complete their research.
Even though my Master’s thesis was more geared
toward environmental studies, as a recipient of one
of these scholarships, my graduate advisor strongly
encouraged me to participate when the time came for
O&G Industry interviews.
Woman 4: I was working for a company in another
state where oil and gas was not its primary business.
When the company sold its division in the state
where I was working, they offered me a position at
the company’s headquarters in Houston managing
the aftermarket sales for the company’s largest
region. Aftermarket sales supported the on-highway,
construction, industrial, agricultural and the oil and
gas markets. After one year, the company asked me
to take the position of managing their marine and
offshore power products division. I held that position
for three years. I left that company to join a new startup
company where I hold the position of president.
Woman 5: My first job in the oil and gas industry was
an internship with Mobil Oil Corp., in New Orleans.
I worked with a lot of smart, focused and talented
geoscientists and engineers.
Question 3: Describe your typical day.
Woman 1: Tough one to describe a typical day. I
generally read email, go to a couple of meetings and
work with the field’s earth model or look at seismic.
Woman 2: I talk with clients, help prepare bids and
work on getting projects out the door. My days are
never the same, which is what I love about the job I
have.
Woman 3: I usually work from 7:30 a.m. – 6:30 p.m.
(although the official day is shorter). We call the field
every morning for an update on operations, security,
construction, facilities and production engineering
activities. I work with my team leads on short-term
and long-term projects to enhance production (a lot of
emails and Powerpoint). I usually have 2-3 meetings
per day to discuss/prioritize/review ongoing or
upcoming work (production optimization, simulation
modeling, drilling plans, geologic interpretation,
workovers, etc.). Beyond our team, I also participate
in a number of broader business initiatives and
leadership teams.
Woman 4: A typical day is a hectic day for me. My
day usually starts well before 8 a.m. with phone
calls and emails with our facility in Norway, as well
as other business relationships abroad. At the office,
I am involved in the daily business operations and
also stay closely involved in the projects and the
sales efforts. On any given day I am working on
budgets and finance, attending project meetings,
attending engineering meetings, reviewing drawings
and technical specifications, meeting with clients
and prospective clients, reviewing sales proposals,
evaluating new business opportunities and making a
lot of decisions.
Woman 5: On most days I work on my computer
to complete my projects. I interpret logs, create
maps, research local and regional geology or write
documents. I go to project meetings almost every day.
I typically work only during business hours, but there
are times when I get calls at night or on weekends
from a rig or other geologists for assistance with a
technical problem.

Adapted from URL: . Retrieved on February 14, 2012.



The only fragment from Text that presents a series of actions exclusively performed in the past is

a) "I chose the oil and gas industry because of the challenging projects, and I want to be part of our country"s energy solution." (lines 17-19)
b) "I held that position for three years. I left that company to join a new startup company where I hold the position of president." (lines 46-48)
c) "My first job in the oil and gas industry was an internship with Mobil Oil Corp., in New Orleans. I worked with a lot of smart, focused and talented geoscientists and engineers." (lines 49-52)
d) "At the office, I am involved in the daily business operations and also stay closely involved in the projects and the sales efforts." (lines 77-80)
e) "On most days I work on my computer to complete my projects. I interpret logs, create maps, research local and regional geology or write documents." (lines 87-90)

A resposta correta é:

For many years, researchers have drawn attention to the
importance of alignment between business and Information
Technology (IT). In early studies, this often meant linking the
business plan and the IT plan. Another perspective involved
ensuring congruence between the business strategy and the IT
strategy. Still another has required examining the fit between
business needs and information system priorities. These
conceptualizations have been enlarged over time and now
research recognizes many points of alignment between business
and IT.

Early motivation for alignment emerged from a focus on
strategic business planning and long-range IT planning in the
early 1980s. From a business perspective, planning was
characterized as a top-down and a bottom-up process and
departmental (e.g., IT) plans were created in support of
corporate strategies. From an IT perspective, decisions on
hardware and software had such long-term implications that
tying them to current and future plans of the organizational unit
was a practical necessity.

The business and IT performance implications of
alignment have been demonstrated empirically and through
case studies during the last decade. Simply put, the findings
support the hypothesis that those organizations that
successfully align their business strategy with their IT strategy
will outperform those that do not. Alignment leads to more
focused and strategic use of IT which, in turn, leads to
increased performance.

Internet: (adapted).


According to the text above, judge the following items.

From a business perspective, planning was characterized as a top-down and a bottom-up process as well.

A resposta correta é:

London becomes 4G high speed internet hotspot


London will begin to switch on 4G high-speed mobile internet with the launch of the first large-scale public trial in Britain. Initiated by O2, Britain"s second largest operator with 22 million customers, the trial involves more than 25 masts covering 15 square miles. It will run for nine months, and the equipment installed will eventually become part of O2"s first commercial 4G network.
The technology is 10 times faster at navigating the internet than the current 3G networks, which often frustrate smartphone users because they are significantly slower than the average home broadband connection. The 25 masts in London will be able to carry more data than O2"s entire national 3G network.
Britain"s 4G or long-term evolution ( LTE ) upgrade, expected to begin in earnest in 2013 after a much delayed spectrum auction, will make mobile networks powerful enough to handle video calls, high definition TV and live multi-player gaming. About 1,000 users will be invited to join the London trial.
Initially, the O2 trial will not involve phones, because no compatible handsets exist yet. Samsung dongles will be handed out to plug into tablets and laptop computers, as will portable miniature modems that can create small WI-FI hotspots linking into O2"s 4G infrastructure or "backhaul".
The new technology is capable of speeds of up to 150 megabits per second. During the trial, users will be more likely to experience average speeds between 25Mbps and 50Mbps. When 4G is introduced nationally the average speeds are likely to drop to between 10Mbps and 15Mbps. This is faster than 3G, which averages between 1Mbps and

1.5Mbps, and compares well with the average household, fixed line broadband connection, which rose to just under 7Mbps this year.
Live gaming against other players and video calling without delays will become possible from phones, because the speed at which new information loads onto the screen will be reduced from 1 second to 0.07 seconds.


(Adapted from www.guardian.co.uk, Sunday 13, November, 2011)

The pronoun "they" in line 11 refers to

a) users.
b) smartphones.
c) the internet.
d) 3G networks.
e) broadband connection.

A resposta correta é: